Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

Case Analysis Essay This case centers around how Toyota as a vehicle maker is hoping to get more individuals to relocate from gas fueled vehicles to condition well disposed half and half vehicle assortment. The case takes a gander at the car advertise and explicitly the mixture and energy unit classification showcase in extraordinary detail. The car business all in all is exceptionally reliant on government guidelines and councils. There were a ton of star half and half and ace Fuel cell enactments that were passed by the California State government which the specialists felt that involved time before it would be embraced by different states and would before long become Federal Law. The general pattern in the midst of American clients has been to move from bigger vehicles of American makers to the littler and better eco-friendliness Japanese vehicles. It has additionally been noticed that with time the adequacy of cross breed vehicles has been expanding and a few states like California are embracing it more effectively than others like Memphis. Mechanically, while Fuel Cells were the cleanest type of vehicle power accessible, examines had demonstrated that the all out effect of separating hydrogen and afterward utilizing it in a phone was considerably more noteworthy than a gas controlled vehicle. Likewise, specialists felt that it will be 10-20 additional years prior to the power device innovation is sufficient. Toyota had contributed and focused on creating limit with respect to the half breed vehicles while its opposition had just taken a gander at mixtures as an impermanent fix and were campaigning against specific laws. Whenever forced, these laws would bring about an a lot more appeal of half breeds. The new cross breed advances set up by Toyota likewise guaranteed a similar driving encounter likewise with other American muscles vehicles. Issue Definition : The Problem before Toyota was basic. Despite the fact that the Prius had done sensibly well , it was still to a great extent a specialty item. Toyota currently needed to move from that phase into standard acknowledgment. It needed to climb the chime bend into the development period of its PLC. A large portion of the Prius purchasers were â€Å"Innovators and Early Adopters †individuals who had the comprehension of innovative items and those having a place with urban and semiurban territories. As an organization Toyota currently needed to take Prius and make it increasingly satisfactory to the late connectors and incite individuals to purchase half breeds. Choices : The publicizing and promoting efforts of Prius have consistently spun around its specialized prevalence over every single other ga fueled vehicles while as yet keeping up the fundamental execution characteristics. Anyway at this phase of the PLC, Prius needs to impart and interface with new clients at a passionate level. Since Late adopters and slow pokes typically will in general have a delegatory purchasing conduct, they frequently will in general settle on choices dependent on specialized parts of the item. In this way the advertising effort should concentrate on depicting the demonstration of being thinking about the planet an alluring quality in individuals. It ought to likewise delineate the responsibility for as a state of Pride †as an emblem of one’s commitment to the planet’s prosperity. To beat land and segment predispositions, the advertisements ought to portray various types of individuals, people from various states, callings and foundations showing their pride at possessing a Prius. Possessing a Hybrid ought to be depicted as a devoted obligation of each vehicle proprietor so as to secure the earth and in this way the eventual fate of the country. The more inside conditions of Memphis and others could utilize some American Celebs who the individuals relates to become brand ministers for advancing Hybrid innovation. The other conceivable strategy could be to concentrate of the client to the general advantage of moving to a Hybrid both in budgetary terms and something else. The upside of utilizing such a procedure will be, that the distinctions will be exceptionally substantial and accordingly simple to convey. Simultaneously, it will keep on concentrating on details alone and might be keep on speaking to the specialized twisted of trailblazers and early adopters just, in which case it will be hard to graduate to the following period of the PLC. Likewise, we have to comprehend that the American customer isn't a lot of value touchy with regards to vehicles, and in this way probably won't react to the money related advantage request. Suggested Alternatives: The more reasonable foot forward is essentially deal with consumer’s acknowledgment of the item at a mental level. This can be accomplished in the event that the item can set up a passionate associate with the purchasers and, at that point push forward from that point. In this manner Toyota needs to deal with making Prius a favored brand my creation it increasingly American and a progressively mindful decision. Usage plans : ? ? ? ? Move from a specialized credit center to a progressively enthusiastic spotlight Work on promoting efforts along various media channels to extend Prius as the conspicuous least that one could do to keep the planet clean. Connect with the semi urban and country shopper by concentrating on how a half breed bodes well for customers of various ages, class and classification. Make the brand progressively worthy to them by utilizing neighborhood celebs and building certainty and character with the brand item.

Investigate their human resources, administration, finance and sales Essay

Imprints and Spencer’s have a wide range of store offices yet additionally have various divisions of their business, its utilitarian zones. I am going to take a gander at and research their HR, organization, money and deals and advertising divisions to then perceive how each adds to the running of Marks and Spencer’s. HR: The HR division plans to complete 5 significant things, these being: 1. Enlisting, keeping and excusing representatives. This is a significant errand for M&S as they need the correct sort of representatives for the business to work it’s best, additionally the workers will choose the organizations achievement present and future. Enlisting new representatives could be employing new individuals from outside the business or advancing specialists previously working in the business. Numerous organizations, for example, M&S like enlisting from outside the business to bring new thoughts and excitement. M&S would need to keep all their current representatives as they would hazard losing experienced and prepared staff, in addition to selecting new laborers and preparing them can end up being costly. Now and then M&S would need to excuse or sack representatives, this might be expected if a worker can't complete their activity productively or successfully. Likewise numerous representatives are excused or made repetitive, as their employments do not exist anymore, state the fall in a specific item could prompt the excusal of many staff. Peruse more: Human Resource Management Essay 2. Observing and giving great working conditions. Working conditions incorporates; the tidiness of a spot, the arrangement of rest zones, long stretches of work and occasions. Working conditions greatly affect how well a business works and how well representatives can do their work. They are ordinarily a subject for exchange between worker's organizations and HR. M&S have a zone for staff to unwind and spend their breaks in. The entire store would be normally cleaned each day for both the laborers and clients. 3. Preparing, creating and advancing workers. HR need their staff to have the option to guarantee that workers can carry out their responsibilities, they may give preparing at M&S or through course at neighborhood schools, arranging occupations with the goal that representatives appreciate new encounters and grow new aptitudes likewise elevating workers to progressively senior situations to give the business the abilities and experience it needs. 4. Haggling with worker's guilds. The HR branch of M&S would need to examine and concur pay and working conditions with worker's organizations or different delegates of the workforce. This procedure is called aggregate dealing. 5. Wellbeing and security is a significant obligation regarding HR, as it requires M&S to give all representatives a protected hazard free workplace. That is the thing that the HR capacity of M&S needed to guarantee is completed. Here are some ordinary activity titles inside an association, for example, M&S. Employment title Portrayal HR executive Choosing the general staffing arrangements of Boots. Likewise he/she exhort senior administration. Setting the HR financial plan. Accountable for all human asset works in Boots. HR chief He/she deals with the HR division and staff associated with modern relations and worker's guild arrangements, additionally guaranteeing his/he staff is following the approaches of Boots. Enlistment official Liable for the taking on of staff and area of staff, contingent upon their standard of work they offer to Boots and the clients of Boots. Preparing/staff advancement official He/she are answerable for preparing and creating of their staff to bring or take them to a more significant level. Work force/staffing official Keeping staff records, checking staff government assistance. Wellbeing and security official He/she ensures all parts of wellbeing and security are all together for staff matters. Likewise they screen mishap and counteraction. Security official General security, liable for all safety faculty. HR clerical specialists Managerial work identifying with the human asset work. Money: Presently I am going to take a gander at the money capacity of M&S. The account division of a business deals with the cash for the business. The office controls the money related exchanges of a business and help chiefs to anticipate what's to come. The different exercises of the account office are: 1. Recording all the budgetary issues of M&S as they are continually going through cash or accepting it from deals. It is fundamental that they keep all records of the considerable number of exercises so as to, compute whether the business is being beneficial, asses how much assessment the business should pay and to assist directors with making the correct choices. 2. All organizations need to set up their records so as to sum up their monetary undertakings during a year, plc’s are required to distribute their outcomes legitimately as they are an open organization, for example, M&S. They need to do the accompanying; the asset report which states both what an organizations points and its obligations, benefit and misfortune account-which records the benefit or misfortune made during a long timeframe normally a year, the inland income need to affirm that M&S has paid the right measure of expense, providers can see whether business can pay it’s obligations lastly investors can choose whether it’s worth putting resources into the business or not. 3. M&S need to pay the wages of every one of their representatives and it includes the money office in various manners. The business needs to deduct annual expense and national protection from every worker pay, it might be required to work a benefits plot for its all the more old representatives and to ensure the right measure of wages or compensations has been offered out to representatives. 4. All organizations need a few assets and cash-flow to exchange effectively. To buy these assets organizations may need to collect huge entireties of cash, known as capital, yet not M&S as they are now completely created and growing over the globe. Yet, by and by a business has 2 primary wellsprings of capital; an advance collected by getting cash from a bank or another business and held benefits, if M&S has been entirely beneficial they might have the option to put resources into the business and acquire assets they may require. Some regular activity jobs in the fund work in M&S would incorporate; Employment Portrayal Monetary chief Offering guidance to ranking directors on the general money related arrangement of M&S. Supervising the financial plan of M&S. Responsible for all fund work in M&S. Money related Manager Dealing with the account capacity and staff. He/she likewise instructs different individuals concerning staff with any monetary inquiries. Boss Accountant He/She guarantees that last readiness of records M&S are in acceptable and right request. The executives bookkeeper He/She delivers constant monetary data to M&S. Credit Controller Prompting on layaway approaches. Bringing in sure cash attributable to M&S kept in certainty. Credit control representatives Helps check records of new and existing clients accounts. He/She works underneath the Credit Controller however help the credit controller. They additionally help clients to remember past due installments Boss Cashier He/She is answerable for the receipt, safe continuing bookkeeping and banking all cash got from boots. Finance Administrator He/She is in charge of guaranteeing that all of M&S representatives finance and compensation/compensation segment. Wages Clerks He/She aides and helps the finance head, in the creation of wages ands pay subtleties. Organization: The organization division offers significant help administrations to different offices in the business. Not all administrator offices in all organizations are the equivalent. In private companies the administrator office may assume liability for HR or money, however in an enormous association, for example, M&S it is typically well on the way to be specific. The administrator office utilizes PCs and IT as it is required for a ton of their occupations. There are as constantly numerous exercises for the organization office; they can be separated into 5 gatherings: 1. Administrative administrations are the primary job of each administrator division. The office may offer administrative types of assistance to every single other office inside the business. These perhaps; word-handling, making calls, booking convenience for staff, arranging and conveying approaching mail and posting active mail, sorting out gatherings and tracking what happens at these gatherings, talking dependably for the benefit of the entire organization and making and tracking the organization. 2. All organizations require normal cleaning M&S is no special case as it is particularly evident as M&S have bistros, which require careful tidiness. Administrator likewise sorts out the upkeep of the structure, they may embellish within and outside of the structure on the off chance that they wish. 3. Wellbeing and security is a major issue with all organizations. It incorporates; giving wellbeing attire, admonitions for laborers, guaranteeing that there are no threats around the work environment and giving ordinary clinical checks to those working in dangerous situations. 4. Security is an inexorably significant issue for all organizations, security obligations would incorporate; marking guests all through premises, guaranteeing that unapproved individuals are kept out by utilization of watches or even gatekeeper hounds, shielding PC frameworks from programmers, watching to forestall shoplifting by utilizing monitors in uniform. 5. Data innovation is by and large more broadly utilized constantly, about all organizations utilize some type of IT these days. The administrator office may utilize IT to; make spreadsheet for money related information, a database of clients and workers, finance frameworks to figure representatives wages and compensations, email for conveying inner and outside, electronic frameworks, sites for selling products and so on. Average occupation jobs of the organization capacity would be: Employment Portrayal Organization administrator Dealing with the organization activities of M&S. Organization partner A

Opinion 4 ways to bring human rights into development work (via APSIA) COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Opinion 4 ways to bring human rights into development work (via APSIA) COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog 4 ways to bring human rights into development work Were resharing this post by the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA), originally posted here. APSIA brings leading graduate schools around the world which specialize in international affairs including SIPA! Well be at the APSIA graduate fairs in Madrid, Paris and London this week. If youre in the area, come meet SIPA admissions and find out more about an advanced career in public policy and international affairs. 4 ways to bring human rights into development work Seventy years ago, the world laid out a common standard of fundamental rights for all people, which they said should be universally defended. Now, the global environment is shifting. Nations that once led the way in promoting cross-border protections are retrenching. Scandals undercut major international development agencies when they fail to uphold these sentiments. Meanwhile, corporations â€" once vilified for their behavior â€" are building human rights into their work. “Human rights touches every aspect of a company’s operations,” Margaret Jungk, managing director for human rights at  Business for Social Responsibility, said in 2016. Today, corporations such as  Facebook  see “the responsibility [they] have to respect the individual and human rights of the … global community”  â€" and  hire accordingly, as stated in a recent job vacancy at the social media network. Incorporating human rights into development work may require you to consider national politics, social media, sexual discrimination, and everything in between. To successfully navigate a new public, private, and nonprofit development landscape, four traits will be critical. 1. Context is key Just as in broader questions of global development, human rights considerations are rarely clear-cut. Context matters. Are you trained to understand the economic, political, social, cultural, and historical factors at play? Can you identify the forces influencing a situation? Are you qualified to perform proper due diligence? Human rights work has to be focused within the contexts where development is playing out, said Francisco Bencosme, Asia-Pacific advocacy manager at Amnesty International. In Myanmar, an entrenched system of apartheid can change the analysis of a seemingly positive housing project. [For example, under] the guise of development for Rakhine State, we have in the past seen new homes constructed for ethnic minorities on top old homes that used to belong to the Rohingya. It is these kind of development practices that need to take human rights contexts into account, Bencosme said. Seek out educational and professional opportunities that develop a flexible framework for evaluating decisions. One size will not fit all. Mark Maloney, vice dean at the  Sciences Po  Paris School of International Affairs, explained: “Adaptability is a key skill [one] even more important in humanitarian work because the stakes can be considerably higher when things go wrong.” “For that reason, understanding the context, including relationships within and between parties, is a fundamental skill we try to develop through our  Master in Human Rights and Humanitarian Action” he added. “This skill also maximizes the likelihood that our graduates will make the right decision at the right moment when undertaking action on the ground.” 2. Be ‘client-ready’ Development professionals must tailor their work to many constituencies. Have you practiced framing a discussion to make sense to diverse groups? Have you learned to persuade people while recognizing their different needs? Do you have the credentials to make people listen to what you have to say? Learn to write and present arguments in clear, concise, and compelling ways. Work to improve your cross-cultural competencies. Expand proficiency in different languages. Look for opportunities to get close to the communities you want to serve, as well as to the funders, governments, and companies working on the ground. “The human rights framework brings a human-centered analysis to the work of development professionals,” said Barbara Frey, director of the  human rights program  at the University of Minnesota  Humphrey School of Public Affairs. “This analysis starts with the question: Who is the rights bearer and who is the duty bearer in a situation? [It] tests how the consequences of actions can help or harm the clients [you] seek to serve.” 3. Develop connections Access to individuals and information is critical to getting the job done. With whom have you cultivated connections? From whom can you get critical information? Have you developed academic and professional networks to open doors? Maintain relationships throughout your career via social media and in-person ties. Seek the counsel of former classmates, professors, or colleagues. Look for undergraduate or graduate schools with close ties to the field. For example, students at the  International Human Rights Center  at Korea University’s  Graduate School of International Studies  incorporate concern for human rights into a wide range of activities. They build networks, workshops, and symposia in partnership with Human Asia, a human rights NGO in South Korea. According to the school, these opportunities prepare students to “serve as productive members of their organizations and to play leadership roles in the international community.” 4. Character is destiny Easy answers do not always present themselves. Are you bold enough to choose the difficult route? Can you withstand criticism from naysayers who cannot or will not envision anything beyond the status quo? Do you know how to rejuvenate your spirit when things look bleak? “Forces larger than yourself will make you face some tough moral choices,” said Reuben Brigety, dean of  George Washington University’s  Elliott School of International Affairs. From his time at  Human Rights Watch  and the  U.S. State Department, he has counseled young professionals to realize that “your character is your destiny. Have courage!” To succeed at the intersection of human rights and development, you must ask good questions. Tailor your approach; build diverse networks; and, cultivate an internal moral compass to navigate the changing human rights and global development landscape.

Definition of Clipping in Linguistics

In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone  from cellular phone.  In other words, clipping refers to part of a word that serves  for  the whole, such as  ad  and  phone from advertisement and telephone,  respectively.  The term is also known as a  clipped form, clipped word, shortening, and truncation. A clipped form generally has the same denotative meaning as the word it comes from, but its regarded as more colloquial and informal. Clipping also makes it easier to spell and write many words. For example, a clipped form may replace the original word in everyday usage—such as the use of  piano in place of pianoforte. Examples and Observations According to the book, Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction, Some of the most common products of clipping are names—Liz, Ron, Rob, and Sue, which are shortened forms of  Elizabeth, Ronald, Robert, and Susan. The authors note that clipping is especially popular in the speech of students, where it has yielded forms like prof for professor, phys-ed for physical education, and  poli-sci for political science. However, many clipped forms have also been accepted in general usage: doc, ad, auto, lab, sub, porn, demo, and condo. The authors add that: A more recent example of this sort that has become part of general English vocabulary is fax, from facsimile (meaning exact copy or reproduction). Other examples of clipped forms in English include biz, caps, celebs, deli, exam, flu, gator, hippo, hood, info, intro, lab, limo, mayo, max, perm, photo, ref, reps, rhino, sax, stats, temp, thru, tux, ump, veep, and vet. Clipping Basics As noted, clipped words form through a social process, such as students preferring to use shortened forms of common terms, as noted in Contemporary Linguistics. The same kind of social forces lead to the creation of clipped words in other English-speaking countries such as Britain, says David Crystal, a leading authority on language. There are also several clippings which retain material from more than one part of the word, such as maths (UK), gents, and specs....Several clipped forms also show adaptation, such as fries (from french fried potatoes), Betty (from Elizabeth), and Bill (from William). Clipped words are not  abbreviations,  contractions, or  diminutives. True, an  abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase. But abbreviations often end with a period, such as  Jan.  for  January, and are clearly understood to be stand-ins for the full term.  A contraction is a word or phrase—such as thats, a form of  that has—that has been shortened by dropping one or more letters. In writing, an apostrophe takes the place of the missing letters.  A  diminutive is a word form or  suffix  that indicates smallness,  such as  doggie  for  dog  and  Tommie  for  Thomas.   Types of Clipping There are several types of clipping, including  final, initial, and complex. Final clipping, also called  apocope, is just what the term implies: clipping or cutting off the last syllable or syllables of a word to form the clipped term, such as  info  for information and gas for gasoline. Initial clipping, also called apheresis, is  the clipping of the initial part of the beginning of the word,  also called  fore-clipping, according to the Journal of English Lexicology.  Examples of fore-clipping include  bot  for  robot  and  chute  for parachute. Complex clipping, as the name implies, is more involved. It is the shortening of a compound word by preserving and combining its initial parts (or first syllables), says  ESL.ph, an online site for learning English as a second language. Examples include: Sci-fi for  science  fictionSitcom for  situation  comedyGrandma for grandmotherPerm for permanent waveShrink for head  shrinker As you see, clipped words are not always respectful terms. Indeed, some great literary figures vigorously opposed them, such as Jonathan Swift, who made his feelings clear in the tellingly named A Proposal for Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English Tongue, first published in 1712. He saw clipping as a symptom of barbaric social forces that had to be tamped down: This perpetual Disposition to shorten our Words, by retrenching the Vowels, is nothing else but a tendency to lapse into the Barbarity of those Northern Nations from whom we are descended, and whose Languages labour all under the same Defect. So, the next time you hear or use a clipped word, do so knowing that it is considered acceptable in English, but remember that these shortened terms have a long and somewhat controversial history. Sources OGrady, William, John Archibald, Mark Aronoff, et al. Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. 4th ed, Bedford/St. Martins, 2000. Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 3rd ed, Cambridge University Press, 2019. Jamet, Denis. A morphophonological approach to clipping in English. Lexis Journal of English Lexicology, HS 1, 2009. Swift, Jonathan. A Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue: In a Letter to the Most Honorable Robert Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, Lord High Treasurer of Great Britain (1712). H. Kessinger Publishing, 2010.

Annoiare How to Conjugate the Italian Verbs, to Annoy

Strategic Plan, Part I Conceptualizing a Business Free Essays

Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business BUS/475 Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business A successful strategic plan must be based on the company’s mission, vision, and values. The purpose of this paper is to define a selected business, products, services, and customers by creating a mission statement. In addition, this paper contains a vision for the organization that demonstrate the expected future for the business, and it will define the company values considering important topics such as culture, social responsibility, and ethics. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now It will also analyze how the vision, mission, and values guide the company’s strategic direction. Finally, it will evaluate how the company address customers needs and how competitive advantage will be achieved. The name of the company is Bella Boutique. Bella Boutique is a trendy fashion and accessory boutique. Bella, which means â€Å"beautiful† in Spanish, defines the concept of the boutique. Bella Boutique will carry a wide variety of contemporary clothing, accessories, shoes, and make up. Bella Boutique also offers free personal style advice, which includes and detail style assessment based on body type, skin color, style, and personality of the customer. The target customers of Bella Boutique are young adult women, including college, professional, modern girls. These girls enjoy shopping in a fun environment that offers trendy and affordable fashions with a superior personalized service. Bella Boutique will stand out from the competition by having a good location in a high-shopping area, offering quality products, and excellent customer service. Products and services will be offered in-stores and online. Mission Statement – To provide modern young women with a boutique that offers a fun and comfortable shopping environment – To offer a wide variety of trendy fashion and accessories to make sure customer always find something they love – To help women learn what styles and colors go best with their unique body types and personalities Vision Statement – To be the boutique of choice for young, modern women To open many stores throughout the country and drive up sales by promoting our products effectively Guiding Principles or Values – Customers are our priority. Always make an extra effort to make sure customers are satisfied with our products and services – Educate customers about new trends and how to style their purchases properly. Make sure customers needs are met – We encourage and promote cultural and ethnical diversity in our stores. Employees from different cultural and e thnical backgrounds bring to our company a true reflection of our society – Our employees are our greatest asset. We encourage employees to share their creative and innovative ideas to improve our company – Our company provides a fun working atmosphere and promotes personal growth and development. We strive to offer our employees a healthy work-life balance – Respect and honesty must always be present when dealing with our customers, vendors, and employees. We do not engage in acts that can be detrimental to the reputation of our company – We conduct our business with social responsibility. Our products are purchased from socially and environmentally responsible vendors. We also contribute to improve society by volunteering and helping in social causes – Employees will adhere to the highest ethical standards at all times The mission, vision, and values statement for my company provide the structure, framework, and goals in which all the actions will be based on. The mission and values provide the framework to guide every action in the strategic plan. The vision is our objective, what we want to accomplish for our company in the future. The mission, vision, and values set the right direction for the company actions. Employees must know that their actions affect the overall mission, vision, and values of the organization. These statements are the guiding principles for the company strategic plan, for that reason employees actions should always reflect the mission, vision, and values statements of the company to ensure its success. The trends in fashion are always changing, Bella Boutique will have to be alert of the new trends to keep customers satisfied. Another resource to make sure the company is addressing customers needs is to have customer satisfaction surveys, allowing the customers to express what they like about our store and what they would change. Bella Boutique will have plenty of local competition from many other boutiques. The most direct competitors will be those with the same concept, located in the same area, carrying some of the same brands we sell, and advertising to our target market. Besides the trendy and affordable clothing and accessories, Bella Boutique will create a significant competitive advantage by providing a place to shop with a fun, comfortable, and welcoming atmosphere. In addition, Bella Boutique offers a superior customer service, and we strive for 100% customer satisfaction. Another unique feature of Bella Boutique that creates competitive advantage is the free personalized styling service, in which a professional stylist helps the customers find the right pieces of clothing for their body type and personality. Bella Boutique locations will be designed with comfort and convenience in mind, the store will be decorated with contemporary furniture and painted with inviting colors. The store will have big private dressing rooms with plenty of hooks to hang the clothing pieces and an assigned employee to assist customers. Also for more convenience the store will have small and elegant shopping carts to make the shopping experience more enjoyable. In addition, the store will have a dedicated kids room where the customer’s children can play while their parents shop. The kids room will also have a nursery portion to allow customer to feed and change small babies. In conclusion, this paper defined the concept of Bella Boutique along with its products, services, and customers. The mission statement was developed to explain the concept of the business. The vision statements are clearly defined to show where the company is heading and the values reflect how the company will conduct business. The mission, vision, and value statements help align the different elements of the strategic plan with the company goals. By creating and implementing the mission, vision, and value statements Bella Boutique, defines the current situation of the company and have a clear understanding of where the company is heading. References Thompson Jr. , A. A. , Gamble, J. E. , ; Strickland III, A. (2006). Strategy Winning in the Marketplace. McGraw-Hill. www. bplans. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://www. bplans. com/womens_clothing_boutique_business_plan/company_summary_fc. php. www. brainmass. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://brainmass. com/business/marketing/286812. How to cite Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business, Essay examples

John Q an Ethical Analys and Review Essay Example

John Q: an Ethical Analys and Review Paper The film John Q provides a model for the analysis and demonstration of ethical principles of distributive justice as they pertain to healthcare and, more specifically, organ allocation in the face of scarcity. The film portrays the shortcomings of a managed care system as well as the pitfalls of a libertarian approach to allocation. Here discussed are the ethical approaches of Eglitarianism, Prioritarianisn, Utilitarianism, and Libertarianism to organ allocation as they pertain to the film as well as the situational change in the plot if these approaches were considered. The topics of hopelessness and helplessness experienced by the patient and family in a dire circumstances as observed in John Q is confronted in the context of the picture . Also provided is a brief ethical critique of the movie and a personal reaction to the topics addressed in the film When dealing with the issue of scarcity and allocation of resources, the health care industry provides a controversial and ethically challenging model for working though dilemma scenarios such as making distributive decisions with respect to donor organs to the most appropriate recipient. Scarcity is defined as a condition in which the demand for a resource greatly exceeds the supply of the resource, and the fact of the matter is there are many more people that need transplant organs than there are organs to be allocated. We will write a custom essay sample on John Q: an Ethical Analys and Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on John Q: an Ethical Analys and Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on John Q: an Ethical Analys and Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This circumstance is well presented in the movie John Q, written by James Kearns. The main point made throughout the film seems to be that the process of organ procurement is not only difficult and trying on the patient and family, but can also be fraught with the dilemmas of resource allocation and providing healthcare using a Libertarian allocation approach that need be addressed by healthcare administrators. Focusing on the theme of distributive justice, the film comes across to imply that care hould be made available to all regardless of their ability to pay and allocation be based on a Prioritarianistic â€Å"according to their need† distributive model rather than a Libertarian approach to allocation. In modern healthcare there is a constant struggle to provide the most and greatest healthcare to the greatest number of people in society. Fueling the debate over effective care allocation strategies, for decades the media has been filled with the echoes of socialized healthcare, and in recent decades multiple nations have adopted the model of a governmentalized healthcare system. In the United States resides a mixed system supported by tax dollars as well as managed care model that is fueled by the desire to reduce cost and still provide necessary care to subscribers. To that end, the film depicts the short comings of a managed care system with seen in the lack preventative screening that might have led to the recognition a young boy’s heart condition at a time when preventative steps could have been taken to mitigate the situation observed in the film. In the context of resource allocation and particularly organ allocation, at the heart of the ethical issue is the concept of scarcity. According to the University of Minnesota’s Center for Bioethics, there were approximately 83,000 people on the waiting list to receive an organ with an additional 106 (average) being added per day in 2003 (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). When considered in relation to the 9,800 donors and the roughly 6,000 people that died in 2002 while waiting for a transplant, it becomes clear a point of equilibrium between supply and demand / necessity has yet to be reached (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). Summary In the 2002 film, John Q, John Q. Archibald, an American factory worker that has been the victim of a declining economy, and is faced with the difficulty of paying for medical services when his son is struck down at a baseball game with heart failure due to a congenital defect. The boy suffers from an enlarged heart that went undetected so far. It was made clear that without a heart transplant, the boy would die. To further complicate the situation, the hospital administrator informed the Archibald family that their insurance had changed from a PPO to an HMO type plan and that the transplant surgery is considered an elective procedure and would not be covered by their insurance. The insurance company issued by his employer informs John that the policy had changed and that only $20,000 of the required $250,000 will be paid under the claim. John Q then decided to take measures into his own hands and persuades the head of the cardiology department to find a replacement heart for the boy at gunpoint. He takes the cardiologist and several patients hostage and demands that his son be placed on the recipient list. One of the predominant points made in the film is that the process of organ allocation is often unjust by the libertarian approach that is used when dealing with a managed care system that provides insufficient coverage for the terminally ill. The film implies that the decision making process of organ distribution id too greatly influenced by the recipient’s ability to pay for the treatment and does not sufficiently consider the patient’s deserving of the organ based on his life experience, usefulness and right to equitable treatment. The effects of organ procurement can instill a sense of helplessness in those linked to the patient dying from a terminal condition. The picture illustrates the manifestation of this stress and emotional strain in irrational behavior of the father of a terminal child and seems to justify his actions by hinting at the unjust nature of the organ distributive process. Analysis The depiction of a young boy falling deeper into the hopelessness of being rejected as an heart recipient and the helplessness of the parents as they watch their son’s condition continue to worsen because they are unable to provide the funds necessary to pay for the intervention successfully conveys the message that the results of allocative decisions are not always just and favor those with the ability to pay for the procedure. In the context of the film, it is important to note the role of hopelessness and helplessness felt by the Archibald family as a result of the organ allocation process and decision. It is no secret that illness and bodily deterioration can adversely affect the mood and emotions of a patient by promoting feelings of helplessness and a loss of hope. But, frequently one might observe the emotions of family members be similarly affected when a grim prognosis is delivered sensing that the situation is beyond anyone’s control and this leads to a deep sense of helplessness. This holds true especially for parents as in the case of the Archibald family. As a parent raises a child, benevolence and pleasing sacrifice are at the core of the parental emotional complex. So, when a child become ill, it presents as one of the few situations in which the parent is unable to offer more than comforting words of compassion and love. A parent that has devoted years of aid and care can become overwhelmed by a mood of desperation. However, the film’s portrayal of an illicit act of perceived violence and deception as being one of heroism and justice serves only to further incite one with the discontent at the current system and justifies the use of such force to serve one’s own end, however desperate it might be, the justification of any sort of deception and manipulation, as Mr. Archibald deceived and manipulated hostages and hospital administrators as a means to his desired end, is in conflict with the familiar categorical imperative of Kantian Deontology. This in itself is, by that theory, unethical and a deplorable action in the context of deontology. On the topic of the ethics of organ allocation, distributive justice can be described as the deciding how to fairly divide and allocate resources in the face of scarcity (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). In distributive justice, there are thought to be six major theories on how best to do this: to each an equal share, to each according to his need, according to his effort, according to his contribution, according to the merit achieved, and to each according to his ability to pay (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). It can be simplified further in that all six of these allocation theories can be summed up in four primary categories of thought: equality, favoring the neediest, utilitarianism, and rewarding social usefulness (Emanuel, Persad, Werthiemer 2009). First of these categories is that of equality. Treating everyone equally is known as the distributive justice theory of Egalitarianism. In this system, judgments are made based on objective factors ideally in the absence of any bias (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). A classic example of this type of model at work is the first come first serve method (Emanuel et al. 2009). Ideally, these types of approaches are, with some exception, fairly good at eliminating selection bias, however, in doing so can ignore factors such as social standing, quality of life and issues of medical worthiness (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004). In the scenario of John Q. , the utilization of such a system might have ensured the placement of the boy’s name on the transplant list. However, the odds that the boy would have received the heart would have actually not have ncreased. Therefore, the situation of the enragement of John Q. Archibald would probably not have been avoided. In the model of Prioritarianism, the sickest and the youngest receive priority care over those less afflicted (Emanuel et al. 2009). This approach has the advantage of aiding those who are critical and serves to eliminate selection bias in response to factors of social and economic standing but rather bases allocation on the need and urgency of care considering the condition of each patient. Prioritarianism however also have its disadvantages. One such is the need for a prognosis that must be estimated by human evaluation and is therefore vulnerable to persuasion and bias. Also, the allocation of organs parallels the preventative care of offered to the son of Michael Archibald in that the determination that treatment is necessary is contingent on the illness of the patient and thus requires the patient’s condition to deteriorate before the he or she is considered to among the sickest and eligible to receive the allocation of care and or organ that is required. A system that favor the sickest inherently fails to account for those who will become sick if the treatment or organ is not received in their current state Rationalizing the youngest first approach is the thought that the worst off in this case are those who would perish with fewer years lived and would potentially have more years to benefit from the organ (Emanuel et al. 2009). Pertaining to the case of Michael Archibald, he would probably have gotten the heart with ample time for treatment and recovery and the hostage situation initiated by his father would have been avoided. Third is the ever popular Utilitarian approach to the question of allocation striving to maximize the benefit obtained from each of the organs. This benefit is measures in life-years, that is, the number of years the patient would live beyond the number of years he or she would live if not granted the organ, adjusted with lifestyle and disability projected (Ethics of Organ Transplantation, 2004), (Donaldson Mitton, 2004). This is one of the models in which the patient’s future is considered. Using this approach and applying it to the situation of the Archibald family, it is irrefutably clear that the boy would receive nearly maximum benefit from the heart in both life-years and the ability to maintain a high quality of life throughout those years and would therefore be a priority recipient for the heart. To that end, there would have been no reason for John Q. to carry out his act of desperation. As the Utilitarian approach does not consider the ability to pay for the service as criteria for allocation, the financial and hostage crises would have been averted. Finally, the use of social usefulness as a factor for determining one’s eligibility as an organ recipient is the most relative to the film. At the heart of social usefulness allocation is the idea of instrumental value, that is, that which shows promise of future usefulness (Emanuel et al. 2009). Most specifically pertaining to the film, this implies Libertarian distribution theory and the use of one’s ability to pay as a gauge of usefulness and ability to contribute back to the healthcare system, in this instance, the managed care system, and society as a whole. By my rationale, if one is able to pay for, or has coverage that can pay for a procedure the individual is probably more able to make contributions to the market and thus society as a consumer, and might also have a higher probability of possessing the intellectual capacity and education level that is thought to enable one in providing the most useful contributions to society. Following that logic, it is natural to say that favoring those who are able to pay for treatment is in a way rewarding their perceived social usefulness. It is because of this method of thought that the son of John Q. Archibald was denied the transplant that was necessary to prolong his life. Mr. Archibald’s inability to pay the $250,000 required for the surgery served as an indicator of his social usefulness when the healthcare administrators were confronting the dilemma of placing the boy’s name n the transplant list. The Libertarian approach to allocation of healthcare resources bases decisions on too few dimensions of the patient’s experience. In the case of Michael Archibald the potential usefulness of a child, and even the policy holder for that matter, cannot be determined to degree of completeness that can be used to base decisions of organ allocation by using the parent’s ability to pay for the procedure as proxy to future social usefulness of the child. Even if it was, the perceived usefulness of a child can be viewed as less than that of an adult because it is not an autonomous being and lacks the investment of education and life experiences that shape autonomous adults. To the same effect, the usefulness of the mentally ill or elderly can be perceived to be lessened because they have less years or intellectual contributions to make to society. It is for this reason that I feel that this model as it is portrayed in the film is insufficient for the determination of organ recipients. Ethically, to the question of how scarce resources should be allocated, there is no easy or definite answer. However, the four main categories mentioned can be combined in use to provide some insight on how to best fairly distribute organs. It seems logical that to make determinations of allocation that ultimately prolong life and the human experience, it is necessary to take into account the factors that affect that experience such as quality of life and providing the maximum number of life-years from each organ. However, as organs are a scarce societal resource, it is also important to factor in the benefit to society that might be obtained by each scenario of the allocation of this resource. In my personal opinion, I feel that the cost of providing healthcare warrants the use of some aspect of a model based on one’s ability to pay. However, I also hold that as a libertarian approach ignores several crucial aspects of the patient’s experience and the utility the organ might provide to the patient as well as to society, the utilitarian view of utility in adjusted life-years and that those who are sickest with the greatest chance for recovery and to make a contribution to society should be considered first. Conclusion To all who have seen the James Kearns’s film, John Q, it is no secret that the ethical implications of resource allocation in healthcare can have emotionally devastating effects on patients and their families. The point is successfully made that the emotional effects of a perceived improper Libertarian system that only considers only one’s ability to pay to make distributive decisions can result in the loss of future productive members of society as well as the innocence and opportunity of youth. The principles and theories of distributive justice that are used in the decision making process when attempting to discern the â€Å"best† way to allocate organs, in the face of scarcity can often ignore essential elements of the suffering and life experience faced by the patient and his or her family as well as provide insufficient approximations of the worth of the patient in the scheme of society. For this reason, and the limited supply of organs and other medical resources, the denial of life sustaining interventions might ead the patient and family into a deep sense of hopelessness and helplessness when they come to the realization that there is nothing more they can do to aid themselves or their loved ones. In the case of John Q. Archibald this sense of hopelessness and despair was so great that it forced an otherwise rational and law abiding man to commit an act illicit and ethically reprehensible as a result of the denial of a heart for his terminal son.